Justice in Juvenile Justice - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 806 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/10/30 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: Juvenile Justice Essay Did you like this example? Rates of Juvenile Arrest The arrests of American youth, while showing a decline since 1996, are still a great concern and with 2,553.6 youth per 100,000 arrested per year in 2016 (OJJDP, 2017). That is more than 25% of our youth somehow in the juvenile justice system. The ways we care for our youth once they are in the system is extremely important not only ensuring fair and effective treatment but also as a means to reduce future juvenile and adult recidivism. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Justice in Juvenile Justice" essay for you Create order Implementing programs to model children into contributing members of society, identity substance abuse disorders, counseling for mental and emotional issues are all necessary for rehabilitating offenders and reducing recidivism. Recidivism of Juvenile Offenders If we examine the rates of recidivism for juvenile offenders in Florida, New York, and Virginia, we will see that approximately 55% of juveniles released from custody were arrested again either in the juvenile or adult system within a year (Bostic, 2014). While statistics are promising and juvenile incarceration is lessening we still have work to do. How we approach the juvenile justice system is not the same as the adult justice system. Unlike the adult system, the juvenile justice system has an easy out, let the offender age out. This is not the answer, however. Ensuring fair treatment and a just system allows for greater focus to be applied to the offender. Effects of Decentralized Justice The juvenile justice process varies state to state. Not only does the process vary by state so does the offense and sentences imposed for criminal violations. This, for the most part, is similar in the adult system, but imagine if your sentence varied simply by the city or county you reside in the state. Juvenile justice systems are often decentralized with inconsistent punishments and arrest practices. Take, for example, Michigans juvenile justice system. A simple assault is committed in two different Michigan counties by two different 15-year-old males. One receives a sentence of six months in a juvenile detention center the other is placed into a non-custodial diversion program (Elam, 2017). Such a variance in punishment certainly is unfair. In this situation, Michigan courts are effectively labeling some offenders in the state as deviant and sparing others solely due to their geographical location and not as a result of their offense. In 1971, the Institute of Judicial Administra tion along with the American Bar Association attempted to reform unfair sentencing by introducing the Juvenile Justice Standards Project. This was designed to sentence offenders by the severity of their offense and not solely on a needs basis of the offender (Siegel, L. J., Bartollas, C., 2018). Due Process in Juvenile Justice Due Process, a right afforded to everyone in America, well almost. Due process rights are at times infringed upon in juvenile court proceedings. Imagine a child arrested, fearful, and appearing before a judge sitting high above them. There are two outcomes for the child on their initial appearance go home with their guardian or be remanded to the custody of the local juvenile institution. Luckily seated next to them is a highly experienced attorney there to represent them. It seems the child is well represented and all is in order, however, many juveniles are placed in this position without counsel present at all. According to a report published by the National Juvenile Defender Center (2017) entitled Access Denied: A National Snapshot of States Failure to Protect Childrens Right to Counsel there are still states that do not guarantee representation by a lawyer at all judicial hearings, charge the offender for representation, allow the child independently without counsel to waive the ir rights to counsel and finally remove lawyers prior to the sentencing phase. It is hard to believe this still occurs. In the adult justice system, such negligence would guarantee mistrials as a result of due process violations. Perhaps these states should reflect on the landmark In Re Gault (1967) decision wherein Supreme Court Associate Justice Douglas is quoted as saying, Neither man nor child can be allowed to stand condemned by methods which flout constitutional requirements of due process of law. Certainly this is not the norm, however, the broad juvenile justice system allows for states to infringe upon some rights with little oversight. Conclusion The Juvenile Justice system varies state-to-state and even further between cities or counties within a state. Decentralized justice systems do not work in the adult system and the same fate should be expected in the juvenile justice system. Fortunately, there has been much growth and it continues to improve as more services are offered to divert offenders. Juvenile offenders are not inherently criminals and we must also ensure they are afforded the same rights as adults while not forgetting many simply made a bad choice. Fair and effective judicial procedures are the basis of our criminal justice system whether it is juvenile or adult. These basic constitutional rights should be afforded to all.

Islam Religion - 2627 Words

Name: Jennifer Thomas Professor’s Name: Dr. Peter Youmans Class: RS 130 â€Å"Intro to Comparative Religion† Date: October, 19 2012 I grew up in a household that believed in Christianity and we went to church every Sunday. That church was my foundation, my love and honestly, it was all I knew. At that time, in my community anything other than Christianity just wasn’t accepted and I often wondered why. Although I thoroughly love Christianity, I still wanted to explore our other worldly religions. In doing this paper, I realized that this was the perfect opportunity to do just that. In my research, I realized that there is such a vast majority and trying to choose just one was going to be difficult but I prevailed. The one religion†¦show more content†¦In which, this began the revelation of the Quran. Muhammad continued having similar revelations until he passed in 632. It is unknown whether the Quran was compiled in the lifetime of the Prophet or if it was during the first caliph Abu Bakr (632-634). The Quran that exist today was made Holy by Uthman ibn Affan (653-65 6). Also during this time, Uthman burned and destroyed all other ancient texts. So because of this it has been difficult for scholars to differentiate other text because no others exist. Variations in early manuscripts of the Quran cause scholars to debate the validity of the Quran as a whole. The text of the Quran used today is taken from one of the seven readings used and was chosen my Ibn Mujahid in the 10th century (The New Encyclopedia of Islam). I was very interested in learning what role women play in the Shia Islam religion. I know some people assume that women are not equal to men in the Western part of the world. We get that idea from the dramatics of television and this concept isn’t entirely accurate. History and the Muslim world defines the relationship between women and Islam is complex. The Quran clearly states that men and women are equal(â€Å"The New Encyclopedia of Islam†). Men are described as protectors and maintainers of women. When it is said that men maintain women it is referring to the relationship of husband and wife. Women described as righteous are devoutly obedient and are to guard in the absence of a husbandShow MoreRelatedIslam Is A Religion Of Islam2646 Words   |  11 PagesIslam is Peace said by George W Bush the U.S. President at Islamic Center of Washington, D.C after the terrible 9/11 attacks. The president’s speech’s main point was to calm down the American streets and the fear inside the citizens towards Muslims people. However, Islam is a religion that is found globally and guided by the Sharia laws which are in their religious book called the Quran. They worship their God Allah through his messenger Mohammed. Islam is prohibiting its followers from the democracyRead MoreThe Religion Of Islam And Islam1544 Words   |  7 Pagesand Islam are not exclusive and need not to be in competition. Instead, they overlap, and share common principles of justice and progress, tolerance and the dignity of all human beings† (Barack Obama). For many decades, in most cultures, religious practice has been a controversial issue, because each religion competes demonstrating that their practices are the true path to God. Religious tolerance is very important because followers should be free to choose their own religion. Some religions areRead MoreIslam Religion1105 Words   |  5 PagesIslam is not only a religion but also a civilization since i t is represented by over one billion Muslims and over 50 Muslim states. Emerging as a civilization influenced by religious beliefs and practices, Islam influenced different groups of people in diverse stages of history and in different countries. A major part of the Islamic faith is the strong belief in an afterlife. Muslims spend their life preparing for their death and the bliss they will face if they follow the rules and life style ofRead MoreIslam Is A Religion Of Islam Essay2012 Words   |  9 PagesIslam is one of the oldest religions in the world, and with that has one of the biggest populations of followers and worshipers. However, it is also a very misunderstood religion. Muslims are extremely religious people, and they strictly follow the Qur’an, however in the past there have been incidences, in which Arabs have done harm. These acts of few had a negative impact on the lives of many. After these events terroristic events took place, non-Muslims began to fear all A rabs and target them asRead MoreThe Religion Of Islam And Islam3231 Words   |  13 PagesABSTRACT The religion of Islam has become a controversial issue in today’s 21st century. 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Nor was it named after a tribe like Judaism after the tribe of Judah and Hinduism after the Hindus. Islam is the true religion of Allah and as such, its name represents the central principle of Allahs Gods relig ion; the total submissionRead MoreThe Religion of Islam Essay1383 Words   |  6 PagesIslam is derived from the Arabic root salaama meaning peace, purity, submission and obedience. Islam stands for making peace by submitting to the will of God and obeying His law. Jews and Christians view Islam as the latest of the worlds great religions. However, worldwide Muslims (sometimes written Moslems) understand their universal religion as the final religion and the primal religion. As final, Islam is Gods final revelation of prophetic religion, in fulfillment of all that hadRead MoreThe Religion of Islam Essay1518 Words   |  7 Pages Religion is as natural to man as social intercourse. The aim common to the religions of the world is that they undertake to bestow upon mankind the highest blessings, and the special way in which they seek to accomplish this is by establishing friendly relations with a Power which is stronger than the ordinary course of nature. Every religion which has counted for anything has had ready answers to three questions: What does it promise to do for the good of man? What is the nature of the higher

Personal And Professional Accountability And Opportunities...

Regardless of what career a person holds, there will always be personal/professional accountability and opportunities for advancement. The nursing profession is a unique field that evolves based on evidence-based practice as well as advances in medicine and technology. As such, the nursing profession requires nurses to not only stay up to date about latest practices but also advance themselves. One way that nurses stay current is by continuing to pursue advance degrees and certificates through education and taking on higher positions in their profession. Finally, nurses must be accountable for their actions both personally and personally in order to protect their patient’s privacy and health. For example, if a nurse makes a medication error and reports it there is an increased chance of preventing harm and/or death of a patient. In the following essay the writer will reflect on her personal and professional accountability as well as what her career goals are for the future. Personal and professional accountability is very important in nursing because it ensures that nurses are providing safe and efficient patient care. Some personal strengths that this writer possess are caring attitude and having work-life balance. A few professional accountabilities that this writer possess is good time management, not being prejudice towards co-workers and/or patients and being conscious of financial cost of wasted resources. For example, not taking unnecessary material and/or linensShow MoreRelatedProfessional Development And Continuous Learning999 Words   |  4 PagesPOLICY This Policy stems from the view that professional development and continuous learning are necessary to maintain the quality of the University staff and their continued readiness and ability to contribute effectively to the mission and goals of the University. 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Nursing philosophy reflects the values of caring for others, which is an essential part of nursing, professionalism in the practice, health, environment and educational advancement in the field. Nursing philosophy tends to negotiate group dynamics and mediating tension where there are conflicting values and worldviewsRead MoreEmployee Recruitment And Selection Process1453 Words   |  6 PagesAs technologies are rising, new advancements have been adopted to influence the recruitment process through social media, candidate tracking and digital marketing. A. Selection tools I. Realistic Job Previews Organizations need to communicate important aspects of a the clinicians job prior to offering the position, thus they use a recruiting approach called the realistic job preview (RJP). 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Do People Have Some Rights Just By free essay sample

Bing Human? Essay, Research Paper Do people hold some rights merely by being human? This inquiry is concerned with whether or non it is possible for # 8216 ; natural rights # 8217 ; to be. # 8216 ; Natural # 8217 ; rights are rights which we have # 8216 ; of course # 8217 ; as worlds, in other words rights which we inherently have, merely by being human. A big job with replying this inquiry is that of specifying the term # 8216 ; rights # 8217 ; , a inquiry to which the reply has been really elusive throughout the history of political analysis. The undermentioned probe into the possibility of # 8216 ; natural rights # 8217 ; will get down with an effort to make a on the job definition of a rights, and will so continue to analyze the kernel of humanity and the roots of what is a # 8216 ; right # 8217 ; , to see if it is possible to hold a # 8216 ; right # 8217 ; merely by being human. Questions refering society, freedom and morality will all be seen to originate, and will be dealt with consequently. A most of import effort at specifying rights is Richard Dworkin # 8217 ; s metaphor of # 8216 ; Rights as Trumps # 8217 ; . This is basically comparing a rights to a trump in a card game, one which overrides what would otherwise hold one the manus. Put in a political scenario, this metaphor maps as therefore: Society may hold and keep a set of regulations and Torahs enforcing on and curtailing persons behaviour. A right is something to which the person is entitled that will be ensured over and above the civil Torahs and regulations of the land. The being of these rights is a manner that persons have a grade of sovereignty over the province, where civil Torahs are the tools of the province # 8217 ; s sovereignty over persons. This balance should make a state of affairs which is morally justifiable. A job with this philosophy when it comes to # 8216 ; natural rights # 8217 ; , nevertheless, is the trust on the being of society to supply a definition of a right. A # 8216 ; natural right # 8217 ; is one which should be able to be derived without the being of a society, since it should be inherently clear from our humanity. It is possible to gestate of a state of affairs in which a homo being exists outside of society, so many doctrines are based on there holding been a pre-social period of human being. Although this is doubtful, it is of import to warrant a natural right through analyzing a individual homo being, since it is in the kernel of humanity where the # 8216 ; natural right # 8217 ; must be found. Another job with this effort at a definition of rights, is that it puts small accent of the importance of morality when doing statements about rights. Dworkin # 8217 ; s thesis defines a right without mention to any ethical motives, yet any opinion over rights is about ever a moral opinion. It shall be seen that any probe of rights furuncles down to a moral probe, and this presents important jobs. These shall be tackled at a ulterior phase, but foremost this analysis will see how deep it is possible to perforate the inquiry of # 8216 ; natural rights # 8217 ; without floating into moral statements. The historically most important manner of warranting # 8216 ; natural rights # 8217 ; is through statement such as # 8216 ; Men are born free # 8217 ; . This sort of statement, although non explicit in saying a # 8216 ; right # 8217 ; as such, however has been the root of a figure of political establishments, such as the Gallic and American revolutions. The statement above implies an built-in equality and freedom in world, and this has been taken by bookmans to agencies that it implies certain # 8216 ; natural rights # 8217 ; . Equality is seen from the deduction of statements such as the one above that there is no ground for society to randomly delegate a certain single higher position # 8211 ; from the coloring material of their tegument, gender, or state of affairs into which they were born. Possible expostulations to the usage of statements such as these are seldom publically voiced, as they would look to collide with what seems to be the footing of any merely society, yet it is non hard to happen jobs with premises like # 8216 ; work forces are born equal # 8217 ; . First, and possibly most significantly, there is small empirical grounds to propose that this statement is true. If anything, grounds shows that worlds have widely changing properties such as intelligence, physical ability, beauty, etc. Besides, it could be argued that the statement by no agency implies equality # 8211 ; the statement is merely a moral image of what the universe should be, but in existent fact is non, like. Therefore, as this statement is non a contemplation of what human sort really is, it is so non possible to deduce the being of # 8216 ; natural rights # 8217 ; from it, as any decision must be of the field-grade officer rm: It is morally desirable that world should hold natural rights. This does non intend that there are natural rights, merely because we are human. A more elaborate scrutiny of natural rights can be done by size uping a pre-social single # 8211 ; a conjectural homo who exists on his ain. It must be seen whether or non it is possible to deduce any # 8216 ; rights # 8217 ; from this individual # 8217 ; s being entirely, and any rights therefore derived are clearly # 8216 ; natural # 8217 ; . One common definition of what it is to be human is that worlds have free will. Clearly, this person who lives in the universe by himself has this property # 8211 ; he is capable of pick, and hence has a grade of freedom. This does implore the inquiry, nevertheless, of whether or non the fact that this adult male is inherently free due to his capableness of pick agencies that he has the right to be free. Many political philosophers point this out as the one right that can outdo be described as # 8216 ; natural # 8217 ; . This averment shall be scrutinised here. The right to freedom, although it instantly appears to be a really desirable property for any person to hold and for any society to warrant, upon farther scrutiny proves to be more controversial. First, a definition of freedom is required, and this inquiry entirely has created regular mountains of philosophical statement. For simpleness # 8217 ; s interest, here, the definition of the right to freedom shall be the right to be without obstruction to carry through one # 8217 ; s wants. This raises several inquiries which cast uncertainties on the practicality of speech production of an built-in # 8216 ; right to freedom # 8217 ; . First, there is the inquiry of internal obstructions to carry throughing one # 8217 ; s wants. Internal obstructions are those such as weak-heartedness and selfishness which must be overcome when seeking to accomplish some long-run, higher end. It would look that these obstructions, as they deal with struggle in one # 8217 ; s ain wants, are irrelevant to the inquiry of rights, although they do hold a bearing on freedom. To work out this job it is necessary to go forth out internal barriers from our definition of freedom when discuss a human # 8217 ; s right to freedom. The 2nd such job is that it may be, in some fortunes, for society to be morally justified in puting external barriers to an persons freedom. This is a cardinal job, as can be seen by mentioning back to the original definition and intent of a right as stated above. If a right is a # 8216 ; trump # 8217 ; that protects against province subjugation, and is by definition morally correct, so it can non be the instance that it is possible for the province to be morally justified in go againsting an single # 8217 ; s right to freedom. This does look to raise uncertainties that it is justifiable to talk of a # 8216 ; natural # 8217 ; right to freedom. This concluding point seems to demo that it is impossible to continue in our treatment of natural rights without get downing to do moral statements. It can be seen that in every instance of struggle between rights of persons, and civil Torahs, there is a moral premise over what is most good for society. This reflects the fact that most society map on a signifier of utilitarianism, where the greatest good for the greatest figure by and large seems to be the purpose of province and society. This is non followed in its strictest from, but when doing opinions over whether or non it is allowable for a signifier of the right to freedom to be violated, it is by and large investigated to see if more people in the society will profit from the misdemeanor of that single # 8217 ; s rights. One illustration is traffic codifications. The limitation on any person from driving nevertheless they please, although a misdemeanor of their right to freedom, creates greater safety for a great figure of p eople, and therefore is morally desirable. As can be seen, so, the treatment of natural rights is an inherently moral one. Moral inquiry create ferocious statements, as it is about impossible to specify a complete set of definite moral criterions, taking into history different civilizations and conflicting beliefs and involvements. It is possible, nevertheless, to take the probe of natural rights a just distance before making the trap of doing moral statements. It can be seen that a right, although it is merely functional as protection against province subjugation, can be derived from that being of a individual person, in the signifier of the right to freedom. This does raise many other inquiries about freedom in general, and how it is possible to associate the functions of the person and society utilizing the rights of an person and the Torahs of society. 365

The Fairy Tales Of Gun Control Essays - Firearms, Gun Politics

The Fairy Tales Of Gun Control The Fairy Tales of Gun Control When a madman in Dunblane, Great Britain rampages and kills 16 children, it was the fuel politicians needed to fire the anti-gun movement. Great Britain banned the sale and ownership of handguns in 1997. But nobody expected the surge of violent crime that followed. Britains rate of assault, robbery, and burglary now exceed those in the United States. Murder and rape figures are now getting closer to U.S. rates. Between 1997 and 1999 were the highest murder rates in the past 10 years. According to Dr. Timothy Wheeler, American news media have virtually ignored this amazing change, even as politicians push more stringent, British-style gun-control. Gun control would not work in the U.S. because it would diminish public safety, raise crime rates, and boost the illegal sale of firearms. The public view of the gun is that it is used to commit violent crimes. But the truth is that the gun is also used everyday to protect the public. Every law officers and enforcement agent uses guns to control everyday criminal activity and protect the public. But public citizens to protect themselves and others also use the gun. One such case is the Pearl High School shooting. Joel Myrick, an assistant principal at the school, heard shoots and herded students into his office and locked up the door behind him. Myrick remembered that he had his .45 automatic in his car because he always takes a weapon whenever he travels. Myrick ran to his car and after getting his gun, he chased down the shooter, Luke Woodham, and forced him onto the ground as they waited for police to arrive. As Kenneth Smith reported, anyone reading the local paper would have known all about Joel Myricks heroics. But anyone watching a national evening newscast wouldnt have known that it took an armed man to stop the shooting. Another such case were a gun was used to protect the public was in Edinboro, Pennsylvania. In April 1998, a 14 year-old student walked into a school dance with a .25-caliber handgun and opened fire, killing a science teacher and wounding several students. When he fled the scene, the owner or the hall, James Strand, chased him down with a shotgun into a field and held him for 11 minutes until police arrived. Kenneth Smith reports that New York Daily News said only that Strand had persuaded the shooter to surrender and the shotgun was never mentioned. In May 1998, gun education stopped 15-year old Kip Kinkel from his shooting spree in the cafeteria of Thurston High School in Springfield, Oregon. At one time, he pointed a .22 caliber semiautomatic rifle at a students head and attempted to fire three times but nothing happened. Jacob Ryker, who was shot in the lungs, Charged 15 feet and tackled Kinkel and disarmed him. Kenneth Smith wrote ABCs Ted Koppel credited Ryker with halting the shooting, non-of the specific details were given and the program quickly turne d into another debate on gun control. Kenneth Smiths retaliation in his report was Ryker knew when to attack Kinkel because Ryker knew the gun was out of ammunition. Ryker and his family were hunters and target shooters and his familiarity with firearms helped to stop the shooting. Secondly, gun control would raise the crime rates in the U.S. The public would not be able to protect themselves against criminals with illegal firearms. Even Darrel Scott, whose 17 year-old daughter, died in the Columbine massacre, is skeptic of the new gun control measures. Scott argues, No amount of laws can stop someone who spends months planning this type of massacre. Furthermore, as reporter Kenneth Smith points out, a Florida State University study says Americans use guns to defend themselves as many as 2.5 million a year. In most cases, the gun were not fired but was used to deter the criminals. In addition, when Great Britain banned the sale and ownership of handguns in 1997, crime rates rose dramatically in the following year. As Doctor Timothy Wheeler point out, in 1998, BBC News reported that violence against a person rose by 16% and sexual offenses rose by 4.5%. The robbery

Consecuencias de tener bebé en EE.UU. como turista

Consecuencias de tener bebà © en EE.UU. como turista Tener un hijo en Estados Unidos mientras se est en el paà ­s en condicià ³n de turista puede tener consecuencias migratorias positivas y tambià ©n muy negativas. Esto aplica a aquellas personas extranjeras que ingresan con visa de turista, con visa lser tambià ©n conocida como tarjeta de cruce y, por à ºltimo, a los que ingresan sin visa bajo el Programa de Exencià ³n de Visados. En este artà ­culo se explica el efecto positivo y por el que realmente los padres pueden sentirse inclinados a que su bebà © nazca en Estados Unidos. Pero tambià ©n se hace referencia pormenorizada a las posibles consecuencias negativas, ya que cada vez son ms frecuentes y, por regla general, puede decirse que los padres nunca piensan en ellas, hasta que se encuentran con el problema. Por à ºltimo, se explica cà ³mo evitar las consecuencias negativas para lo cual se menciona cul es el costo medio de dar a luz en Estados Unidos, el paà ­s de todo el mundo donde es ms caro nacer. Consecuencias positivas cuando turista da a luz en EE.UU. Todos los bebà ©s nacidos en el paà ­s son ciudadanos americanos desde el momento de su nacimiento con la excepcià ³n de los hijos de diplomticos que se encuentran en Estados Unidos en dicha funcià ³n. En este caso, el bebà © adquiere la nacionalidad de sus padres. El resto de bebà ©s, es decir, los que no son hijos de diplomticos destinados en Estados Unidos, adquieren la ciudadanà ­a en virtud de lo que se conoce como ius soli. Es indiferente el estatus migratorio de los padres, tampoco importa  si residen habitualmente en Estados Unidos o solamete estn de paso o disfrutando una temporada. Con el acta de nacimiento del recià ©n nacido se puede obtener un pasaporte para el menor, teniendo en cuenta que para solicitarlo han de estar presentes el bebà © y los dos padres y, si no fuera posible la presencia de ambos, hay que cumplir con otros requisitos legales. El nià ±o o la nià ±a ser ciudadanos americanos de por vida, a menos que renuncien expresamente a ser estadounidenses o de adultos realicen alguna accià ³n que tenga como castigo la pà ©rdida de la nacionalidad. Seguirn siendo estadounidenses aunque al poco de nacer regresen al paà ­s de sus paps y vivan all el resto de sus vidas y adquieran tambià ©n la ciudadanà ­a de los padres. En cuanto a posibles derechos migratorios de los paps de un nià ±o ciudadano americano hay que decir que existen muchas ideas equivocadas, ya que un ciudadano estadounidense menor de 21 aà ±os jams puede reclamar papeles para sus padres. Y aà ºn en ese caso existen là ­mites segà ºn el estatus migratorio de los padres en Estados Unidos. En otras palabras, dar a luz en Estados Unidos no da derecho a los padres a quedarse en el paà ­s ni a regular la situacià ³n. Por à ºltimo, hay que tener en cuenta otra cuestià ³n importante, que es la de la doble nacionalidad. Estados Unidos no pone problemas a la hora de que un bebà © nacido en el paà ­s adquiera tambià ©n otra nacionalidad por razà ³n de sus padres. Sin embargo, no todos los paà ­ses admiten la doble nacionalidad, por lo tanto ese es un tema que cada padre y madre debe verificar con su embajada o consulado. Consecuencias negativas de tener un hijo en EE.UU. como turista Para evitar tener problemas hay que tener un seguro mà ©dico o pagar del propio bolsillo todos los gastos mà ©dicos derivados del nacimiento. En este punto destacar que es prcticamente imposible obtener un seguro mà ©dico en Estados Unidos o en otro paà ­s que cubra a los turistas los gastos de dar a luz. Esto significa en la prctica que el padre y/o la madre deben hacerse cargo de los gastos del nacimiento del bebà © y de posibles cuidados mà ©dicos que necesite la madre. El problema es que en Estados Unidos dar a luz es muy caro, si bien hay importantes diferencias entre estados. Asà ­, segà ºn datos de International Federation of Health Plans, el costo medio de dar a luz de forma natural y sin complicaciones es de $10.808. En el caso de ser necesaria una cesrea, el costo medio es de $51.125, segà ºn datos de Childbirth Connection. Los gastos se incrementan en el caso de complicaciones, partos prematuros y necesidad de incubadora o partos mà ºltiples. En muchas ocasiones los paps extranjeros desconocen que estos son los costos y cuando llega el momento del parto acuden al hospital sin seguro mà ©dico y sin dinero suficiente para cubrir los costos. En estos casos, se le asigna un trabajador social y el recibo ocasionado por el nacimiento lo cubre Medicaid  de Emergencia, un seguro gubernamental que cubre los gastos mà ©dicos de los estadounidenses ms pobres y de ciertos extranjeros como residentes permanentes legales en casos muy concretos, refugiados y asilados. Y aquà ­ es donde se origina el problema, al ocasionar un gasto a las arcas pà ºblicas americanas y convertirse asà ­ en lo que se conoce como una carga pà ºblica. Posibles consecuencias de no pagar gastos de nacimiento Si no se paga por el nacimiento de un bebà © y Medicaid se hace cargo del gasto pueden surgir graves problemas migratorios. En primer lugar, la visa de ambos padres puede ser revocada o cancelada. Para entender esto hay que recordar que una de las condiciones para que se conceda la visa en primer lugar es probar que no se va a ser una carga pà ºblica para el gobierno americano. Y al dejar sin pagar una factura mà ©dica a la que debe hacer frente Medicaid se ha hecho precisamente eso. Por lo tanto, es muy posible quedarse sin visa. Adems, puede que el titular de la visa no se entere de que à ©sta ha sido cancelada hasta que intenta entrar de nuevo a Estados Unidos y se encuentra con problemas en la aduana y que no se le permite la entrada. Asimismo, puede suceder que cuando se va al consulado a renovar la visa, se niegue la solicitud. Esto aplica tambià ©n a los padres con visa lser y a los que ingresaron sin visa por el Programa de Exencià ³n de Visados. En este caso, podrà ­an perder este privilegio. El problema no suele surgir de inmediato, sino en el momento de renovar la visa o la ESTA o cuando se solicita la renovacià ³n del pasaporte estadounidense del hijo. Por el tipo de preguntas que se realizan en los formularios queda claro que el bebà © nacià ³ cuando la mam estaba como turista en Estados Unidos y se pueden hacer preguntas para determinar si los padres pagaron por el parto y pueden demostrarlo o, por el contrario, si fueron una carga pà ºblica.  ¿Es posible arreglar el problema pagando ms tarde a Medicaid? No, no es posible. Esto lo intentan muchos padres cuando se encuentra con el problema entre las manos. Pero Medicaid simplemente no tiene establecido un trmite para recuperar el dinero en estos casos, sà ³lo cuando ha habido fraude. A consecuencia de ello, esa deuda queda siempre ahà ­ pendiente y puede ser el origen de muchos disgustos relacionados con rechazos de visas y otras peticiones migratorias.  ¿Quà © hacer cuando se viaja a EE.UU. para evitar estos problemas? La solucià ³n es viajar siempre con un buen seguro mà ©dico y/o con dinero suficiente para hacer frente a gastos sanitarios. Es muy importante tener en cuenta que los gastos mà ©dicos en Estados Unidos son altà ­simos y que un parto sin complicacià ³n alguna puede costar varios miles de dà ³lares. Hay que destacar que muchos seguros mà ©dicos excluyen cubrir por un parto en el extranjero y que ningà ºn seguro mà ©dico de Estados Unidos va a cubrir por un parto de una persona de otro paà ­s que quiere venir a dar a luz aquà ­. Si pagà ³ por el parto es muy recomendable que lleve consigo las facturas siempre que viaje a Estados Unidos. Si surge un problema en la aduana por este motivo, conveniente tener a mano justificacià ³n del pago. Tambià ©n es altamente recomendable  no quedarse ms tiempo del permitido, ni siquiera alegando que se recià ©n se tuvo un bebà © y que estaba muy chiquito para viajar o que estaba enfermo o la madre no estaba recuperada del parto. Esa no es razà ³n vlida para permanecer en Estados Unidos ms all del tiempo autorizado.   Precisamente para evitar posibles problemas en los que se puede incurrir por ignorancia, es recomendable  tomar este  quiz, trivial o test sobre visas  de gran ayuda para conocer lo fundamental sobre cà ³mo obtener la visa y cà ³mo conservarla. Curiosidad sobre bebà ©s hispanos en Estados Unidos El alto à ­ndice de nacimientos latinos en Estados Unidos ha colocado a los hispanos como la minorà ­a ms numerosa, habiendo sobrepasado a los afroamericanos. Un reflejo de ello es que tres apellidos hispanos se encuentran entre los 10 ms comunes. Este artà ­culo es meramente informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal para ningà ºn caso en particular.

Industrial Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Industrial Revolution - Essay Example d politics, thereby stimulating varied other disempowered and marginalized sections of the society to strive for empowerment and a fair share in the national income. Capital emerged as the pivotal factor of production. This led to a greater polarization of opinion on both sides that are the labor and the capitalists, thereby both sections getting more organized and politicized. One negative thing about Industrial Revolution was that it envisaged earth as an external resource to serve as a fodder for the industrial engine of growth. In the long run it not only resulted in an irreversible depletion of natural resources and the commensurate pollution, but led to the contemporary challenges like global warming. There is no denying the fact that the map set by Industrial Revolution is not absolutely relevant in the current times marked by the emergence of new priorities like sustainable development and corporate social